Ninde ugomba gupima ubwinshi bwamagufwa akoresheje densitometero
Amagufwa ya Densitometrie
Osteoporose ni igihombo gikomeye cyubwinshi bwamagufwa yibasira miriyoni zabagore, bikabashyira mubyago byo kuvunika.Dutanga amagufwa ya densitometrie, apima neza ubwinshi bwamagufwa yamagufwa (BMD), bigatuma dushobora kugereranya ibyago byo kuvunika k'umurwayi.Sisitemu yacu yateye imbere irashobora kubara neza BMD mu ruti rw'umugongo, ikibuno, cyangwa mu kuboko.Sisitemu yemerera kandi kugena BMD mubaturage babana.
Muganga wawe arashobora gutegeka igufwa rya densitometrie mugihe akeka ko ufite cyangwa ufite ibyago byo kurwara osteoporose.Abantu barwaye osteoporose bafite amagufwa adakomeye cyangwa gutakaza cyane amagufwa yabo.Amamiliyoni y'abagore n'abagabo benshi barwara osteoporose uko basaza.
Uburyo Amagufwa Densitometrie akora
Rimwe na rimwe, iki kizamini cyitwa amagufwa yuzuye yo gusikana cyangwa ingufu-x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).Nuburyo bunoze bwa tekinoroji ya x-ray.Imashini ya DXA yohereza urumuri ruto, rutagaragara rwa x-imirasire mike ikoresheje amagufwa.Uturemangingo twawe tworoshye dukurura urumuri rwa mbere.Amagufwa yawe akuramo urumuri rwa kabiri.Mugukuramo ingirabuzimafatizo zoroheje uhereye kuri rusange, imashini itanga igipimo cyubwinshi bwamagufwa yawe (BMD).Ubucucike bubwira umuganga imbaraga zamagufwa yawe.
Impamvu Abaganga Bakoresha Amagufwa Densitometrie
Osteoporose irimo gutakaza calcium mumagufwa yawe.Nibintu bikunze kwibasira abagore nyuma yo gucura, nubwo abagabo bashobora kugira ostéoporose.Hamwe no gutakaza calcium, amagufwa anyura mumiterere yimiterere itera kunanuka, yoroshye kandi byoroshye kuvunika.
DXA ifasha kandi abahanga mu bya radiologue hamwe nabandi baganga gukurikirana uburyo bwo kuvura ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bwo gutakaza amagufwa.Ibipimo by'ibizamini bitanga ibimenyetso byerekana ibyago byawe byo kumena igufwa.
Ninde Ukwiye Kwipimisha Amagufwa Yumucyo (BMD)
• Abagore bafite imyaka 65 nayirenga
• Abagore batangiye gucura bari munsi yimyaka 65 bafite ingaruka zo kuvunika.
• Abagore mugihe cyo gucura (menopausal) bafite ingaruka ziterwa nubuvuzi bwo kuvunika, nkuburemere buke bwumubiri, kuvunika mbere, cyangwa gukoresha imiti myinshi.
• Abagabo bafite imyaka 70 nayirenga.
• Abagabo bari munsi yimyaka 70 bafite ibyago byo kuvura bishobora kuvunika.
• Abakuze bafite kuvunika.
• Abakuze bafite uburwayi cyangwa imiterere ifitanye isano n'amagufwa make cyangwa gutakaza amagufwa.
• Abakuze bafata imiti ijyanye no gutakaza amagufwa make cyangwa gutakaza amagufwa.
• Umuntu wese ufatwa nk'ubuvuzi bwa farumasi (ibiyobyabwenge).
• Umuntu wese urimo kuvurwa, kugirango akurikirane ingaruka zo kuvura.
• Umuntu wese utahawe imiti ibimenyetso byerekana gutakaza amagufwa byavurwa.
• Abagore bahagarika estrogene bagomba kwitabwaho kugirango bapime amagufwa ukurikije ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru.
Impamvu Abaganga Bakoresha Isuzuma Ryavunitse (VFA)
Ikindi kizamini cyakorewe kumashini ya DXA ni isuzuma ryavunitse (VFA).Nibipimo bike bya x-ray isuzuma uruti rwumugongo rusuzuma ubuzima bwumugongo.VFA izerekana niba ufite imvune zo kwikuramo muri vertebra yawe (amagufwa yo murutirigongo).Kubaho kuvunika kwurugingo bifite agaciro kanini muguhishurira ibyago byawe byo kumeneka amagufwa mugihe kizaza kuruta DXA yonyine.Ibikurikira nimpamvu (ibimenyetso) byo gukora isuzuma ryavunitse (VFA) hashingiwe kumyanya yemewe ya 2007 yumuryango mpuzamahanga wa Clinical Densitometry (www.iscd.org):
Ninde Ukwiye Kwakira VFA
• Abagore batangiye gucura bafite amagufwa make (osteopenia) ukurikije ibipimo bya BMD, PLUS kimwe muribi bikurikira:
• Imyaka irenze cyangwa ingana nimyaka 70
• Gutakaza uburebure bwamateka burenze cm 4 (1,6 muri.)
• Gutakaza uburebure burenze cm 2 (0.8 muri.)
• Kwiyitirira kuvunika kwa vertebral (ntabwo byanditswe mbere)
• Babiri cyangwa benshi muri ibi bikurikira;
• Imyaka 60 kugeza 69
• Kwiyitirira ubwambere kuvunika kutari vertebral
• Gutakaza uburebure bwamateka ya cm 2 kugeza kuri 4
• Indwara zidakira zifitanye isano no kongera ibyago byo kuvunika kw'urugingo (urugero, COPD cyangwa COAD itagereranywa cyangwa ikabije, arthritis seropositif rheumatoide, indwara ya Crohn)
• Abagabo bafite amagufwa make (osteopenia) ukurikije ibipimo bya BMD, PLUS kimwe muribi bikurikira:
• Imyaka 80 cyangwa irenga
• Gutakaza uburebure bwamateka burenze cm 6 (2.4 muri)
• Gutakaza uburebure burenze cm 3 (1.2 muri)
• Kwiyitirira kuvunika kwa vertebral (ntabwo byanditswe mbere)
• Babiri cyangwa benshi muri ibi bikurikira;
• Imyaka 70 kugeza 79
• Kwiyitirira ubwambere kuvunika kutari vertebral
• Gutakaza uburebure bwamateka ya cm 3 kugeza kuri 6
• Ku buvuzi bwa farumasi ya androgene cyangwa gukurikiza orchiectomy
• Indwara zidakira zifitanye isano no kongera ibyago byo kuvunika kw'urugingo (urugero, COPD cyangwa COAD itagereranywa cyangwa ikabije, arthritis seropositif rheumatoide, indwara ya Crohn)
• Abagore cyangwa abagabo kuri glucocorticoid ivura idakira (bihwanye na mg 5 cyangwa irenga ya prednisone buri munsi mumezi atatu (3) cyangwa arenga).
• Abagore cyangwa abagabo nyuma yo gucura bafite osteoporose ukurikije ibipimo bya BMD, niba inyandiko zerekana imvune imwe cyangwa nyinshi zomugongo zizahindura imiyoborere yubuvuzi.
Kwitegura Amagufwa Ya Densitometrie Ikizamini
Ku munsi wikizamini cyawe, urye bisanzwe ariko nyamuneka ntugafate inyongera ya calcium byibuze amasaha 24 mbere yikizamini cyawe.Wambare imyenda irekuye, yoroheje kandi wirinde imyenda ifite ibyuma byuma, umukandara cyangwa buto.Radiology & Imaging irashobora kugusaba gukuramo imyenda cyangwa imyenda yawe yose no kwambara ikanzu cyangwa ikanzu mugihe cyikizamini.Urashobora kandi gukuramo imitako, indorerwamo z'amaso nibintu byose byuma cyangwa imyenda.Ibintu nkibi birashobora kubangamira amashusho ya x-ray.
Menyesha umuganga wawe niba uherutse kwisuzumisha barium cyangwa watewe inshinge zinyuranye zo kubara tomografi (CT) cyangwa scan ya radioisotope (ubuvuzi bwa kirimbuzi).
Buri gihe menyesha umuganga wawe cyangwa Radiology & Imaging technologiste niba hari ibishoboka ko utwite.
Ikizamini Cyamagufwa Densitometrie Niki
Kanda
Uryamye kumeza.Kubizamini bya DXA Nkuru, bipima ubwinshi bwamagufwa mu kibuno no mu ruti, generator ya x-ray iri munsi yawe kandi igikoresho cyerekana amashusho, cyangwa detector, kiri hejuru.Kugirango usuzume urutirigongo, amaguru yawe ashyigikiwe kumasanduku ya padi kugirango ugorore igitereko cyawe nu rugongo rwo hasi (lumbar).Kugirango usuzume ikibuno, technologiste azashyira ikirenge cyawe mumutwe uzunguruka ikibuno imbere.Muri ibyo bihe byombi, detector irengana buhoro buhoro, itanga amashusho kuri monitor ya mudasobwa.Ibizamini byinshi bifata iminota 10-20 gusa kandi ni ngombwa kuguma mu kizamini.
Inyungu & Ingaruka
Amagufwa ya densitometrie aroroshye, byihuse kandi bidashoboka.Ntabwo bisaba anesthesia.Umubare wimirasire ikoreshwa ni muto cyane - ugereranije cyane nigipimo cyigituza gisanzwe x-ray.
Hamwe nuburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwa x-ray, hari amahirwe make ya kanseri ituruka kumirasire ikabije.Nyamara, inyungu yo kwisuzumisha neza iruta kure ibyago.Abagore bagomba guhora bamenyesha umuganga wabo cyangwa Radiology & Imaging technologiste niba hari ibishoboka ko batwite.
Imipaka ya Densitometrie
Amagufwa ya densitometrie ntashobora guhanura 100% niba uzahura nigihe kizaza.Ariko, irashobora gutanga ibimenyetso byerekana ibyago byawe byo kuvunika ejo hazaza.
Nubwo ifite akamaro mu gupima imbaraga zamagufwa, densitometrie yamagufa cyangwa DXA ntabwo ikoreshwa kubantu bafite ubumuga bwumugongo cyangwa kubantu babazwe umugongo.Niba ufite vertebral compression yamenetse cyangwa osteoarthritis, imiterere yawe irashobora kubangamira ikizamini cyukuri.Muri ibi bihe, ikindi kizamini gishobora gukorwa, nka densitometrie yamagambo.
Twihariye Mugusoma Amagufwa
Radiology & Imaging ikoresha ibikoresho bigezweho bitanga ibisobanuro bidasanzwe byo gusuzuma.Umubiri wacu ushushanya radiologiste cyangwa musculoskeletal radiologiste kabuhariwe mugusoma amagufwa densitometrie bivuze ko ubumenyi nuburambe biri kukazi kuri wewe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-07-2023